The principle of operation of a wet cyclone exactly repeats the method of air purification carried out by its dry “counterpart” of this design. The only difference is that the inner cavity, with which the unwanted impurities encounter, in a wet spray cyclone is sprayed by nozzles and covered by a thin film of liquid, usually technical water.
This allows combining in such sewage treatment units 2 methods of impurities neutralization simultaneously: inertial (vortex) and wet. A high degree of disinfection and odor removal is achieved.
The water air cleaning devices have an advantage in capturing the finely dispersed fractions, moreover, their use is rational for working with dust that is a fire hazard.
Wet scrubbers
The wet scrubber is a logical, upgraded extension of the dry cyclone design.
Its principle of operation, however, has been considerably revised. The contaminated flow is not fed from above, but from below and under compressor (pump) pressure it rises through one or more tiers of spray nozzles, which effectively precipitate the impurities included in the air flow in conditions of high turbulence.
In some cases even this is not enough. Then the tiers of the scrubber system are equipped with additional layers of irrigated movable nozzles, through which the air is cleaned even more significantly. These models are commonly referred to as foam absorbers, barbotage scrubbers or disk scrubbers.
Of course, these are not all methods, systems and installations for air purification and ventilation: the following types of filters are also frequently used.
- Actually, mechanical air filters of varying degrees of porosity. In the widest application, they are used in almost all areas of human activity: from household appliances to gas turbines. Both woven and non-woven materials can be used as the main filter element: felt, foam rubber, meshes, natural and synthetic fabrics, paper and cellulose compositions.
- Electrostatic filters (precipitators). The neutralization effect is based on the phenomenon of static electricity. Filter plates and trapped particles have opposite electric charges, due to which the precipitation of undesirable air inclusions on ESP plates occurs. The disadvantage of such air purification systems is the requirement for frequent cleaning of the filter plates.
- Due to the fiber-weave structure of a complex weave, they are capable of effectively precipitating particles ranging in size from 0.6 to 6 microns from the air stream.
- Photocatalytic method of air purification. A relatively new and promising approach to gas-air purification.